How to ferment high-quality culture materials for oyster mushroom cultivation？
1. Fermentation and turning
The purpose of fermenting the culture material in fermented clinker cultivation is to promote the degradation and decomposition of the culture material, improve the physical and chemical properties of the culture material, eliminate harmful organisms in the culture material, etc., and create good conditions for the growth and development of mycelium of Pleurotus ostreatus. And fermentation and pile turning are precisely the key to fermentation.
After the pile is built, the pile temperature will gradually increase due to the metabolism of aerobic fungi at medium and high temperatures in the pile. Around 24 hours in the high temperature season and around 48 hours in the low temperature season, the pile temperature can reach above 65°C. When the pile temperature reaches above 65°C, it will be maintained for about 24 hours before the first pile turning.
Proper turning of the pile is one of the key steps in fermentation.
When turning the pile, the dry and cooled culture material in the outer layer of the pile is exchanged with the culture material in the inner layer (aerobic fermentation layer) and the bottom layer (anaerobic fermentation layer) to facilitate uniform fermentation. When there is a lack of water, spray a small amount of water to keep the raw materials at a certain moisture content, then rearrange the pile shape and continue fermentation. Turn the pile every 1 to 2 days. The auxiliary ingredients in the formula can be mixed in every time you turn the pile. After turning the pile 3 to 4 times, the culture material begins to change color, has a fermented aroma, and has no musty or stinky smell. The fermentation is over. . Generally, fermentation lasts for 6 to 8 days. When the temperature is low, the fermentation time can be extended appropriately.
The fermented culture material is loose and elastic, slightly brown, has no peculiar smell, is not sticky, and has good texture. There are white actinomycetes visible to the naked eye on the scattered material pile, and it emits a lot of heat. Fermentation is a battle with microorganisms, and successful fermentation bodes well for a good start.
The microorganisms in the fermented culture material are in a state of awakening and germination. At this time, high-temperature sterilization can achieve twice the result with half the effort.
2. Start the steamer after fermentation
(1) Fermentation material + high temperature sterilization. (Maintain temperature for 15 to 17 hours)
(2) Fermentation material + short-term high temperature sterilization. (Maintain temperature for 3 to 4 hours)
Research data shows that fermentation materials + short-term high-temperature sterilization can also achieve the purpose of sterilization, save fuel, and have relatively high biological efficiency. If oyster mushrooms are cultivated annually, a lot of cost and time can be saved, facility turnover can be accelerated, and economic benefits can be maximized.